22. maj – Svetovni dan preeklampsije
Maj je mesec osveščanja o preeklampsiji, 22. maj pa svetovni dan preeklampsije, zato želimo spomniti na ta resen zaplet nosečnosti.
Preeklampsija je zaplet nosečnosti, ki prizadene približno pet izmed 100 nosečnic. [1] Glavna simptoma preeklampsije sta povišan krvni tlak in visoka raven beljakovin v urinu. [2] Stanje je lahko zelo nevarno tako za mamo kot za dojenčka, na srečo pa so hude in zgodnje oblike preeklampsije (< 34 tednov nosečnosti) redke. [3] Redna in kakovostna predporodna oskrba je najpomembnejša za čim hitrejše odkritje in zdravljenje bolezni.
Preeklampsija se lahko hitro razvije v HELLP sindrom ali eklampsijo z življenjsko nevarnimi zapleti za mamo, ki segajo od okvar organov pa vse do smrti, če je ne zdravimo hitro in ustrezno.
“HELLP” je okrajšava za tri glavne simptome tega sindroma: hemolizo, povišane jetrne encime in nizko število trombocitov. [4, 5]
Več odgovorov na vprašanja o preeklamsiji lahko najdete na naslednji strani:
Reference
[1] Ukah U.V., et al. Assessment of the fullPIERS Risk Prediction Model in Women With Early-Onset Preeclampsia, Hypertension. 2018
[2] Young B., et al. Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia, Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease. 2010.
[3] Curiel-Balsera E., et al. Analysis of maternal morbidity and mortality among patients admitted to Obstetric Intensive Care with severe preeclampsia, eclampsia or HELLP syndrome. Medicina intensiva. 2011
[4] Haram K., et al. The HELLP syndrome: clinical issues and management. A Review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009
[5] Karakus S., et al. Serum levels of ET-1, M30 and angiopoietins-1 and -2 in HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia compared to controls. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2016
[6] Backes C., et al. Maternal Preeclampsia and Neonatal Outcomes. Journal of Pregnancy. 2011
[7] Turbeville H. et al. Preeclampsia beyond pregnancy: long-term consequences for mother and child. American Journal of Physiology. 2020.
[8] Cunningham F., et al. Williams obstetrics. 2014.
[9] Verlohren S., et al. The Sflt-1/PLGF ratio can rule out preeclampsia for up to four weeks in women with suspected preeclampsia: Risk factors, prediction of preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertension. 2016
[10] Phipps E., et al. Pre-eclampsia: pathogenesis, novel diagnostics and therapies. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2019
[11] Rolnik D., et al. ASPRE trial: performance screening for preterm pre-eclampsia. Ultrasound in Obstet Gynecol. 2017.
[12] Moura S. B. M. e. H., et al. Prevention of Preeclampsia. J Pregnancy. 2012
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